 {"id":2044,"date":"2017-06-08T08:43:22","date_gmt":"2017-06-08T06:43:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/gap47.astrosurf.com\/?page_id=2044"},"modified":"2019-12-17T18:33:49","modified_gmt":"2019-12-17T16:33:49","slug":"principaux-types-de-machines","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/gap47.astrosurf.com\/index.php\/principaux-types-de-machines\/","title":{"rendered":"Principaux types de machines"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: times new roman,times,serif;\">On peut classer les diff\u00e9rents types de machines en trois grandes familles&nbsp;:<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 632px;\" border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"5\" align=\"center\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 935px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 354.45px; height: 935px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p class=\"Style17\" align=\"left\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;\">1) Machines type Draper \/ Hindle &nbsp;:<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: times new roman,times,serif; font-size: 20px;\">C\u2019est l\u2019anc\u00eatre des machines dont le principe g\u00e9n\u00e9ral semble avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 mis au point par Huygens vers 1738 puis am\u00e9lior\u00e9 par Lord Rosse puis par Henry Draper, un astronome am\u00e9ricain. Elle est constitu\u00e9e des parties suivantes <em>(voir figure A)&nbsp;<\/em>:<\/span><\/p>\n<div align=\"justify\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: times new roman,times,serif; font-size: 20px;\">Un plateau tournant (1) supportant le miroir \u00e0 travailler. Celui-ci est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement entour\u00e9 d\u2019une table (2) et \u00e9ventuellement d\u2019un bac r\u00e9cepteur du produit \u00e0 polir en exc\u00e8s coulant du plateau.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: times new roman,times,serif; font-size: 20px;\">Une bielle d\u2019excentricit\u00e9 r\u00e9glable entra\u00een\u00e9e en rotation (3)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: times new roman,times,serif; font-size: 20px;\">Un bras (4) (type poutre) positionn\u00e9 dans l\u2019axe du miroir (5) et entra\u00een\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019une de ses extr\u00e9mit\u00e9s par la bielle.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: times new roman,times,serif; font-size: 20px;\">Un doigt d\u2019entra\u00eenement de l\u2019outil fix\u00e9 sur le bras \u2026<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: times new roman,times,serif; font-size: 20px;\">Un guide fixe (6) permettant \u00e0 l\u2019autre extr\u00e9mit\u00e9 du bras de coulisser librement lors du mouvement alternatif imprim\u00e9 par la bielle<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: times new roman,times,serif; font-size: 20px;\">Un ou deux moteurs s\u00e9par\u00e9s entra\u00eenant la bielle et le plateau<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: times new roman,times,serif; font-size: 20px;\">Un dispositif de r\u00e9glage des vitesses de rotation de la bielle et du plateau (poulies, variateur)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 208.55px; height: 935px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<div align=\"center\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\" align=\"right\"><span style=\"color: #008000; font-size: 20px;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;\">Survoler certaines vignettes pour lancer les animations :<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p align=\"center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2168 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/gap47.astrosurf.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/draper-simple01.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"350\" height=\"190\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\">Figure A&nbsp;: Machine type Draper \u00e0 simple excentrique<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 50px;\" align=\"left\">\n<td style=\"width: 573px; height: 50px;\" colspan=\"3\">\n<div align=\"left\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 20px;\"><em><strong>Ce concept g\u00e9n\u00e9ral a \u00e9t\u00e9 modifi\u00e9 et am\u00e9lior\u00e9 au fil du temps&nbsp;:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 199px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 354.45px; height: 199px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<div align=\"justify\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: times new roman,times,serif; font-size: 20px;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;\">Ritchey<\/span><\/strong> a rajout\u00e9 un r\u00e9glage lat\u00e9ral (1) du guide \u00ab&nbsp;coulisse&nbsp;\u00bb du bras permettant son d\u00e9port axial ainsi que celui des courses <em>(voir figure B) :<br \/>\n<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 208.55px; height: 199px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<div align=\"center\">\n<blockquote><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-2171\" src=\"http:\/\/gap47.astrosurf.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/image02.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"350\" height=\"156\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gap47.astrosurf.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/image02.jpg 350w, https:\/\/gap47.astrosurf.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/image02-300x134.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" \/><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 20px;\">Figure B&nbsp;: R\u00e9glage de d\u00e9port sur machine type Draper <\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 203px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 354.45px; height: 203px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<div align=\"justify\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px; font-family: times new roman,times,serif;\">Une seconde bielle (ou excentrique) a \u00e9t\u00e9 rajout\u00e9e en remplacement de la coulisse fixe permettant ainsi une plus grande vari\u00e9t\u00e9 de courses <em>(voir figure C) :<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 208.55px; height: 203px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<div align=\"center\">\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-2172\" src=\"http:\/\/gap47.astrosurf.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/draper-double03.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"350\" height=\"127\"><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; font-size: 20px;\">Figure C&nbsp;: Machine type Draper \u00e0 double excentrique <\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 397px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 354.45px; height: 397px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<div align=\"justify\">\n<p class=\"Style17\"><span style=\"font-family: times new roman,times,serif;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"Style6\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;\"><strong>Variante type Hindle :<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: times new roman,times,serif; font-size: 20px;\">Hindle, quant \u00e0 lui, a remplac\u00e9 le doigt d\u2019entra\u00eenement par un cadre (1) (appel\u00e9 crocodile) maintenant le disque sur sa tranche. Ce dispositif autorise ainsi la position miroir dessus impossible avec le mod\u00e8le Draper. Il permet \u00e9galement de d\u00e9gager plus facilement le disque sup\u00e9rieur et de le lester au besoin par des poids dispos\u00e9s sur son dos <em>(voir figure D)<\/em> :<br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 208.55px; height: 397px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<div align=\"center\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p align=\"center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2169 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/gap47.astrosurf.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/image04.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"350\" height=\"208\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gap47.astrosurf.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/image04.jpg 350w, https:\/\/gap47.astrosurf.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/image04-300x178.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" \/><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 20px;\"><em><span style=\"font-family: times new roman,times,serif;\">Figure D&nbsp;: Machine type Hindle \u00e0 double excentrique<\/span> <\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 337px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 354.45px; height: 337px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<div align=\"justify\">\n<p class=\"Style17\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"Style6\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;\">Variante type Draper d\u00e9port\u00e9e :<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: times new roman,times,serif; font-size: 20px;\">Le bras d\u2019entra\u00eenement principal (1) a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9port\u00e9 de la table. Un second bras relevable (2)\u201a fix\u00e9 au premier permet l\u2019entra\u00eenement du disque sup\u00e9rieur et sa longueur est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement r\u00e9glable <em>(voir Figure E)<\/em> :<br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 208.55px; height: 337px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<div align=\"center\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p align=\"center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-2170\" src=\"http:\/\/gap47.astrosurf.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/draper05.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"208\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><em><span style=\"font-family: times new roman,times,serif;\">Figure E&nbsp;: Machine type Draper d\u00e9port\u00e9e \u00e0 double excentrique<\/span> <\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 802px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 354.45px; height: 802px;\">\n<p class=\"Style17\" align=\"left\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;\">2) Machines type Elgin \/ Waineo : <\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: times new roman,times,serif; font-size: 20px;\">Ce type de machine est certainement le plus couramment rencontr\u00e9 aujourd\u2019hui dans l\u2019industrie et chez les amateurs, notamment ceux d\u2019outre-atlantique <em>(voir figure F)<\/em>. Il se diff\u00e9rencie du mod\u00e8le pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent par son bras d\u00e9port\u00e9 unique (1) anim\u00e9 d\u2019un mouvement d\u2019oscillation autour d\u2019un axe (2) \u201a g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9 par un simple excentrique (3) reli\u00e9 \u00e0 un vilebrequin (4). Ce bras est de longueur r\u00e9glable. Une variante c\u00e9l\u00e8bre \u00e0 cette machine a \u00e9t\u00e9 propos\u00e9e par l\u2019amateur et opticien am\u00e9ricain <a href=\"http:\/\/telescopemaking.org\/waineo.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><em>Tom Waineo<\/em><\/a> dans la revue <em>Sky and Telescope<\/em> en novembre 1995.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: times new roman,times,serif; font-size: 20px;\">Le principal inconv\u00e9nient de cette machine est le manque de vari\u00e9t\u00e9 de son mouvement \u00e0 simple excentrique. Toutefois, parmi ses utilisateurs les plus exp\u00e9riment\u00e9s, certains arrivent \u00e0 compenser ce handicap au prix de d\u00e9r\u00e9glages fr\u00e9quents et d\u2019une habilet\u00e9 sans \u00e9gal&nbsp;: on peut notamment citer <a href=\"http:\/\/tech.groups.yahoo.com\/group\/zambutomirrorgroup\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><em>Carl Zambuto<\/em><\/a> qui est pass\u00e9 ma\u00eetre en la mati\u00e8re.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 208.55px; height: 802px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<div align=\"center\">\n<blockquote>\n<p align=\"center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-2173\" src=\"http:\/\/gap47.astrosurf.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/elgin06.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"350\" height=\"350\"><span style=\"font-family: times new roman,times,serif; font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\"><em>Figure F&nbsp;: Machine type Elgin \/ Waineo <\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 481px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 354.45px; height: 481px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<p class=\"Style17\" align=\"left\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"Style17\" align=\"left\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px;\"><strong>3) Machines type Zeiss :<\/strong> <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: times new roman,times,serif; font-size: 20px;\">D\u00e9velopp\u00e9e par la c\u00e9l\u00e8bre firme de l\u2019ex Allemagne de l\u2019Est, cette machine ressemble beaucoup au type Hindle d\u00e9port\u00e9<em> (voir figure G).<\/em> Elle comporte \u00e9galement deux excentriques mais chacun des bras (1) et (2) est directement reli\u00e9 au doigt d\u2019entra\u00eenement du polissoir lui conf\u00e9rant ainsi un mouvement un peu diff\u00e9rent de sa demi-s\u0153ur. L\u2019un de ses bras (ici le 1) est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement r\u00e9glable en longueur.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 208.55px; height: 481px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<div align=\"center\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-2174\" src=\"http:\/\/gap47.astrosurf.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/Anim-zeiss-07.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"330\" height=\"244\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 20px;\"><em><span style=\"font-family: times new roman,times,serif;\">Figure G&nbsp;: Machine type Zeiss \u00e0 double excentrique<\/span> <\/em><\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 210.817px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 573px; height: 210.817px;\" colspan=\"3\">\n<div align=\"left\">\n<p class=\"Style15\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: times new roman,times,serif;\">Les principaux avantages et inconv\u00e9nients de chaque type de machine sont synth\u00e9tis\u00e9s ci-dessous<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 655px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 573px; height: 655px;\" colspan=\"3\">\n<div align=\"center\">\n<table border=\"1\" width=\"795\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 10.8167px;\" bgcolor=\"#336699\">\n<td style=\"height: 10.8167px;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"734\">\n<p class=\"Style8\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ffffff; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;\">Crit\u00e8res<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 10.8167px;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"354\">\n<p class=\"Style8\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ffffff; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;\">Type machine<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 10.8167px;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"96\">\n<p class=\"Style8\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ffffff; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;\">Note<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 203px;\">\n<td style=\"height: 203px;\" valign=\"middle\" width=\"734\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 20px;\">Compacit\u00e9<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 203px;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"354\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 20px;\">Elgin \/ Waineo<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 20px;\">Draper \/ Hindle d\u00e9port\u00e9e<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 20px;\">Zeiss<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 20px;\">Draper \/ Hindle classique<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 203px;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"96\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 20px;\"><strong>+ <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 20px;\"><strong>= <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 20px;\"><strong>= <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 20px;\"><strong>&#8211; <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 155px;\">\n<td style=\"height: 155px;\" valign=\"middle\" width=\"734\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 20px;\">Vari\u00e9t\u00e9 des courses<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 155px;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"354\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 20px;\">Zeiss ou Draper \/ Hindle double excentrique<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 20px;\">Draper \/ Hindle ou Elgin \/ Waineo simple excentrique<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 155px;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"96\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 20px;\"><strong>+ <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 20px;\"><strong> &nbsp;<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 20px;\"><strong>= <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 101px;\">\n<td style=\"height: 101px;\" valign=\"middle\" width=\"734\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 20px;\">Possibilit\u00e9 d&rsquo;alterner miroir dessus \/ dessous<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 101px;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"354\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 20px;\">Hindle<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 20px;\">Autres mod\u00e8les<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 101px;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"96\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 20px;\"><strong>+ <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 20px;\"><strong>= <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 50px;\">\n<td style=\"height: 50px;\" colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"734\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 20px;\">L\u00e9gende&nbsp;<strong>\/\/ +<\/strong> &nbsp;: bon <strong>=<\/strong>&nbsp;: moyen <strong>&#8211;<\/strong>&nbsp;: m\u00e9diocre<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 50px;\" valign=\"top\" width=\"96\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 20px;\"><strong> &nbsp;<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<hr>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>On peut classer les diff\u00e9rents types de machines en trois grandes familles&nbsp;: 1) Machines type Draper \/ Hindle &nbsp;: C\u2019est l\u2019anc\u00eatre des machines dont le principe g\u00e9n\u00e9ral semble avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 mis au point par Huygens vers 1738 puis am\u00e9lior\u00e9 par Lord Rosse puis par Henry Draper, un astronome am\u00e9ricain. Elle est constitu\u00e9e des parties suivantes &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gap47.astrosurf.com\/index.php\/principaux-types-de-machines\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continuer la lecture<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> de &laquo;&nbsp;Principaux types de machines&nbsp;&raquo;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2044","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.8.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Principaux types de machines - L&#039;observatoire est ouvert aux visiteurs tous les vendredis soirs \u00e0 21 heures, jusqu&#039;au 3 juillet 2026 inclus, sans r\u00e9servation.<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/gap47.astrosurf.com\/index.php\/principaux-types-de-machines\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Principaux types de machines - L&#039;observatoire est ouvert aux visiteurs tous les vendredis soirs \u00e0 21 heures, jusqu&#039;au 3 juillet 2026 inclus, sans r\u00e9servation.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"On peut classer les diff\u00e9rents types de machines en trois grandes familles&nbsp;: 1) Machines type Draper \/ Hindle &nbsp;: C\u2019est l\u2019anc\u00eatre des machines dont le principe g\u00e9n\u00e9ral semble avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 mis au point par Huygens vers 1738 puis am\u00e9lior\u00e9 par Lord Rosse puis par Henry Draper, un astronome am\u00e9ricain. Elle est constitu\u00e9e des parties suivantes &hellip; Continuer la lecture de &laquo;&nbsp;Principaux types de machines&nbsp;&raquo;\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/gap47.astrosurf.com\/index.php\/principaux-types-de-machines\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"L&#039;observatoire est ouvert aux visiteurs tous les vendredis soirs \u00e0 21 heures, jusqu&#039;au 3 juillet 2026 inclus, sans r\u00e9servation.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/astrogap47\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2019-12-17T16:33:49+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"http:\/\/gap47.astrosurf.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/draper-simple01.gif\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/gap47.astrosurf.com\/index.php\/principaux-types-de-machines\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/gap47.astrosurf.com\/index.php\/principaux-types-de-machines\/\",\"name\":\"Principaux types de machines - L&#039;observatoire est ouvert aux visiteurs tous les vendredis soirs \u00e0 21 heures, jusqu&#039;au 3 juillet 2026 inclus, sans r\u00e9servation.\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/gap47.astrosurf.com\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/gap47.astrosurf.com\/index.php\/principaux-types-de-machines\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/gap47.astrosurf.com\/index.php\/principaux-types-de-machines\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"http:\/\/gap47.astrosurf.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/draper-simple01.gif\",\"datePublished\":\"2017-06-08T06:43:22+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2019-12-17T16:33:49+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/gap47.astrosurf.com\/index.php\/principaux-types-de-machines\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/gap47.astrosurf.com\/index.php\/principaux-types-de-machines\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/gap47.astrosurf.com\/index.php\/principaux-types-de-machines\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/gap47.astrosurf.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/draper-simple01.gif\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/gap47.astrosurf.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/draper-simple01.gif\",\"width\":350,\"height\":190},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/gap47.astrosurf.com\/index.php\/principaux-types-de-machines\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Accueil\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/gap47.astrosurf.com\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Principaux types de machines\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/gap47.astrosurf.com\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/gap47.astrosurf.com\/\",\"name\":\"De janvier \u00e0 fin juin 2024, le GAP47 sera ouvert aux visiteurs tous les vendredis \u00e0 21h sans r\u00e9servation, \u00e0 l'exception du vendredi 26 janvier o\u00f9 l'observatoire sera ferm\u00e9 au public.\",\"description\":\"Groupe d&#039;Astronomie Populaire du Lot-et-Garonne, \u00e0 Montayral\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/gap47.astrosurf.com\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Principaux types de machines - L&#039;observatoire est ouvert aux visiteurs tous les vendredis soirs \u00e0 21 heures, jusqu&#039;au 3 juillet 2026 inclus, sans r\u00e9servation.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/gap47.astrosurf.com\/index.php\/principaux-types-de-machines\/","og_locale":"fr_FR","og_type":"article","og_title":"Principaux types de machines - L&#039;observatoire est ouvert aux visiteurs tous les vendredis soirs \u00e0 21 heures, jusqu&#039;au 3 juillet 2026 inclus, sans r\u00e9servation.","og_description":"On peut classer les diff\u00e9rents types de machines en trois grandes familles&nbsp;: 1) Machines type Draper \/ Hindle &nbsp;: C\u2019est l\u2019anc\u00eatre des machines dont le principe g\u00e9n\u00e9ral semble avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 mis au point par Huygens vers 1738 puis am\u00e9lior\u00e9 par Lord Rosse puis par Henry Draper, un astronome am\u00e9ricain. 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